Macular degeneration is a debilitating eye disease affecting the elderly. Within the eye is the macula, an area that allows people to see fine details and colors. Macular degeneration prevents the macula from properly functioning and the vision becomes blurred. The most distinguishing aspect of this eye disease is that round spots cover the sufferer's field of vision so that it is difficult to see things that are straight ahead.

One leading cause of vision loss and blindness is Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD). In this condition, the retina becomes blocked by debris, which affects your central vision. Central vision is your "straight ahead" vision, the kind of vision you need to read, drive, or do any kind of activity in which you need to focus in front of you. Macular degeneration does not affect your peripheral vision. People who suffer from macular degeneration see black spots and wavy lines that obliterate or distort the objects in front of them.

One of the most common types of macular degeneration is dry AMD, and this accounts for 90% of the total cases. The medical terms for dry AMD are atrophic AMD, geographic atrophy, non-exudative or drusenoid macular degeneration. In dry AMD, yellow-white deposits called drusen accumulate in the retinal pigment epithelium tissue beneath the macula. Drusen deposits are mainly composed of waste products from photoreceptor cells.

Symptoms Of AMD

Neither dry nor wet AMD causes any pain. The most common symptom of dry AMD is slightly blurred vision. You may need more light for reading and other tasks. Also, you may find it hard to recognize faces until you are very close to them.

As dry AMD gets worse, you may see a blurred spot in the center of your vision. This spot occurs because a group of cells in the macula have stopped working properly. Over time, the blurred spot may get bigger and darker, taking more of your central vision.

Family history of macular degeneration- Macular degeneration is shown to be hereditary in some families. Since macular degeneration affects most patients later in life, it is rather difficult to study successive generations in a family. People who have relatives with late-stage macular degeneration may develop macular degeneration at an increased rate at a relatively young age.

There are two main causes of macular degeneration, each causing a different type of the disease: "wet" or "dry" AMD. Dry AMD is caused by a thinning or degeneration of the macular tissues. This creates deposits of pigment that look like yellowish spots on the retina. While there is no cure dry AMD, the central vision loss it causes is gradual and not as severe as the vision loss that occurs with wet AMD.

Another macular degeneration treatment can be found in cholesterol reducing drugs. People in the early stages of this medical condition often develop drusen, or yellow deposits, in the macula. The development and increase in the number of drusen seems to be related to the patient's cholesterol level, with drusen more prevalent in those with higher cholesterol.

There are two types of macular degeneration. Both of these types are severe condition of eye disease. Both can cause impaired vision when not treated immediately. Their causes and effects towards the human eyes are almost similar with each other. The common conditions of the patients depend on the type of macular degeneration they possessed. The only way to cure these diseases is through degenerated macular surgery.

Drusen develops from harder form to soft. It multiplies in number, sizes and joins together to finally develop into dry or wet degeneration of macular. In addition the pigment changes takes place into the retina, and the danger of developing the dry and then wet macular will increase noticeably.

Some people also believe in the benefit of eye exercises to increase eye health. Firstly move the eye slowly from side to side, then from top to bottom a few times. Move the eyes in a circular motion, then reverse a few times. Finally, raise your finger level with your nose and focus there for a time, then focus on something in the distance.



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